Uruhare rwa Smart Phone mu gushora urubyiruko mu mibonano mpuzabitsina

Iriburiro

Hari imvugo izwi cyane ngo “igisambo ni igifashwe.” Bishatse kuvuga ko hari igihe umuntu aba ari igisambo ariko kuko atarafatwa ntiyitwe igisambo. Muri iyi minsi haravugwa cyane inkuru zabakobwa baterwa inda bakiri bato, cyangwa bakuze ariko bakiri mu mashuri. Kuwa 12/10/2017, hari inkuru yashyizwe ku igihe.com  ivuga ngo “Kirehe: Abana b’abakobwa 994 batewe inda zitateguwe mu mezi 12.” Muri iyi nkuru igaragaza abakobwa 994 batewe inda mu karere kamwe, hanavugwa umubare wabakobwa bagera kuri 17500 bari hagati y’imyaka 16 na 19 batewe indi mu mwaka wa 2016, hakurikijwe raporo ya Minisiteri y’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango mu Rwanda. Iyi mibare igaragaza abatewe inda, tekereza abataratwaye inda ariko batangiye kwishora mu mibonano mpuza bitisna bakiri bato? Bagana gute? Ndahamya ko bakubye inshuro zirenga ebyiri aba bavugwa. Ese abadujwe virusi itera sida  ni bangahe?  

Hari impamvu nyinshi muri iki gihe zirigutuma abana baba abahungu cyangwa abakobwa bishora mu mibonano mpuzabitsina bakiri bato cyangwa batarashinga ingo zabo: uburere bwasubiye inyuma kubera ababyeyi batakigira umwanya wo kurera abana no kubaha inama. Abarimu bagiraga uruhare runini mu burere bwa bana, ariko ubu nabo baradohotse kubera impavu zitadukanye nko kuba ibihano baha abana bibaviramo gufatwa nka babangamira uburenganzira bwa muntu. Firime n’andi mashusho ashyira ahabona ibyakorwaga mu ibanga, ndavuga imibonano mpuzabitsina. Kutanyurwa kwabana bashaka ibintu bitadukanye nka za terefone zigezweho, imyambaro igezweho, n’ibindi. Kudohoka kwa madini n’amatorero kubijyanye n’inyigisho zerebana n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere, uburenganzira bwa muntu busobanurwa bugashyirwa mu bikorwa hatitawe ku muco wa banyarwanda. Impamvu zaba nyinshi ariko ndagirango nibande ku impamvu imwe “uruhare rw’amashusho yabakora imibonano mpuzabitsina akwirakwizwa hirya no hino cyane cyane hakoresheshwe smart phone (mudasobwa…) mu gutuma urubyiruko rwishora mu mibonano mpuzabitsina imbura gihe.”

1.      Imbaraga z’amashusho

Abanyarwanda bajya bavuga ngo “vuga numve irutwa na kora ndebe” ibi bivuze ko ibyo umuntu avuga nibyo akora, igikomeye kigira ingaruka cyane ari ibyo akora. Ibikorwa kuko biba bigaragara bigira uruhare mugutuma wa kwigana nyiri gukora ibyo bikorwa. Eni Gruber na Joel Grube mu nyandiko yabo “Adolescent sexuality and the media”[1] bagaragaza ko 80% ya za firime zerekanwa ku matereviziyo nizindi mbuga (network) zitadukanye ziba zirimo ibikorwa n’ubutumwa bw’imibonano mpuzabitsina. Naho 60/% y’amashusho y’indirimbo aba arimo ubutumwa, n’uburyo busunikira abantu mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. Aba bashakashatsi barakomeza bakagaragazako muri America (USA), ko mu bakobwa 1000 bari hagati y’imyika 15 na 17, 75% yabo buri mwaka batwara inda. Iyi ni mibare yo muri Amerika igihugu cyateye imbere ariko hari ikibazo nk’icyo dufite muri Afurika, by’umwihariko mu Rwanda. Aya mashusho yuzuyemo imvugo, imyambarire, imibyinire, bisunikira abantu mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ari kugenda afata indi ntera, aho noneho amashusho ya bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina ariyo ari gusakazwa cyane. Mubyo Eni na Joel bagaragaje nk’inzobere nuko aya mashusho agira ingaruka mbi ku ingimbi n’abangavu kuko baba batarakura neza mu buryo bwo mu bitekerezo. Gutadukanya ikibi nicyiza, kumenya ingaruka yibyo bagiyemo, biba bikiri hasi cyane. Ntabwo bivuze ko abishora mu mibonano mpuza bitsina bose bakiri bato cyangwa batarubaka bashukwa na mshusho babona gusa. Hari nibindi byinshi nkuko nabivuze haruguru, igikomeye ki kaba kamere ya muntu. Uko umuntu ateye, imyumvire ye nabyo bigira uruhare mugutuma akora ibintu runaka. Ikindi aho umuntu aba, abo abana nabo, nabyo bigira uruhare mu myitwarire ye myiza cyangwa mibi.  

2.      Smarth Phone n’imibonano mpuzabitsina 

Terefone ni kimwe mubikoresho byiza biriho ubu, kuko ifasha mu itumanaho. Terefone zigezweho dukunze kwita smart phone zo zigira umwihariko kuko zikora ibintu hafi yabyose mu dasobya ikora. Izi terefone zifata amashusho kandi zika ya hererekanya kuburyo byoroshye kandi bwihuse. Ukoma urusyo akoma n’ingasire, bivuze ko ukwiye kureba imbande zombi. Izi terefone zifite ibyiza zikoreshwa ariko hari n’ibibi zikoreshwa. Muribyo harimo gufata amashusho y’imibonano mpuzabitsina (pornography) no kuyakwirakwiza.

Usubiye inyuma mu myaka 10 ishize, amashusho y’abakora imibonano mpuzabitsina azwi nka (pornography), yagaragariraga mu mafirime no kuri CD/DVD. Abayarebaga akenshi wasangaga ari nijoro kandi ahantu runaka hameze nk’ahihishe. Ariko ubu usanga hirya no hino ku imbuga nkoranyambaga zitadukanye aya mashusho akwirakwizwa. Ukabona ko abantu ntacyo bibabwiye. Yewe nabiyita abakirisitu usanga bamwe bari ku isonga mu gukwirakwiza ayo mashusho yaba kuburyo buziguye cyangwa butaziguye. Mu byo maze igihe ngenzura ni uburyo iya mashusho amaze gufata intera ndende kuburyo afatwa nabo aribo bose, aho bari hose, uko bari kose. Aha ndavuga iki? Mu mwaka nka 10 itambutse abemeraga gusakazwa bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina babaga ari abantu biyita ababigize umwuga. Kuburyo benshi babafataga nk’indaya, ariko bo ugasanga babikora nk’umwuga bahemberwa. Ayo mashusho wabonaga bandikaho ikompanyi cyangwa ikigo cyayafashe, yewe bakagaragaza ko nabayarimo ari ababigize umwuga ndetse ko abantu bafite imyaka hasi ya 18 batemerewe kuyareba. Ariko ubu hirya no hino ubona amashusho nkayo arimo n’abana babanyeshuri aho usanga bavuga ngo ni aba amateri(amateur) bivuze abatarabigize umwuga, ababikora ari ukwiyamamaza, cyangwa ubujiji, cyangwa kuba bafata ibiyobyabwenge. Kuko kamera zari zihenze byatumaga aba navuga ko batakaje ubumuntu, bifata ayamashusho bakayakwirakwiza hirya no hino baba bake. Ariko ubu kuko smart phone zoroheje uburyo bwo gufata amashusho no kuyakwirakwiza, bisigaye byoroheye uwo ariwe wese washatse kwishyira ku karubanda kubikora. Ibi birakorwa mu izina ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu, kuko uzumva bavuga ngo ni uburengazira bwabo. Arikose ko mbona za leta n’indi miryango hirya no hino birirwa baririmba ngo baharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu cyane abana, ubu nibwo burenganzira baba bavuga? Umuntu gukora ibyo ashatse yewe niyo byaba bifite ingaruka kubandi? Mubo aya mashusho ashuka harimo rwa rubyiruko twitezeho ejo hazaza h’isi ni gihugu, none ko rwononekaye mu mitwe no ku mibiri ejo hazamera gute? Smart phone zoroheje ifatwa rya ya mashusho yurukozasoni kuburyo ubona abanyeshuri ku ishuri bifata aya mashusho, bakayakwiza ku imbuga zitadukanye.  Aya mashusho agaragaza ihohoterwa rikomeye riri gukorerwa abana, yaba abayagaragaramo yewe n’abayareba.

Ikindi abana benshi ubu usanga bashaka gutunga terefone igezweho, kandi akenshi iwabo baba badafite ubushobozi bwo kuyigura. Ibi nabyo bituma hari abishora mu mibonano mpuza bitsina kugirango ba gure cyangwa bahabwe smart phone. Gutunga terefone bivuze ko ushyiramo amafaranga kandi udakora, yawe nabakora akazi hari igihe usanga bitoroshye gushyiramo amafaranga ya murandasi buri munsi. Ariko uzasanga umwana w’umukobwa cyangwa umuhungu yirirwa kuri murandasi, umunsi wose , icyumweru, ukwezi, umwaka wose. Ese amafaranga avahe? Ibi ababyeyi nabandi barera abana ntabwo bakunze kubyitaho. Mu mwaka irenga umunani namaze nigisha mu mashuri y’isumbuye nabonye ko umwana wo muri iki gihe aho kumwaka terefone wa mukubita. Terefone yabaye ikiyobyabwenge gikomeye. Ariko ijambo ry’Imana ryo riti menyereza umwana inzira azarinda asaza atarayivamo (Imigani 22:6). Terefone igezweho none siyo iba igezweho ejo, kandi usanga umwana wese ashaka gutunga terefone igezweho. Ese abanyarwanda twamaze gutera imbere twese ko mbona abana bacu aribo batunze terefone zihenze cyane?  Terefone ziri gushora abana mu buraya kugirango babone amafaranga yo kuzigura no kuzikoresha.

Ikindi terefone zoroheje uburyo bwo gutereta. Umusore umwe yarabwiye ngo ubu imibonao mpuzabitsina ikorerwa online. Mubyo yabwiye uretseko hari ngo nabasigaye bakorera imibonano mpuzabitsina ku imbuga nkoranyambaga, aho umusore n’umukobwa, cyangwa abahuje ibitsina ku bamaze kugera sodomo neza, bateretana bakageza naho bakorwa ibikorwa byo kwikinisha buri wese ari barebana kuri za phone zabo. Ibaze niba umwana ageze aho yononekara kuri uru rwego? Ntabwo wakwirirwa ureba abakora imibonano mpuzabitsina, indirimbo wumva buri munsi, ureba hafi yazose zirimo ubutumwa bw’imibonano mpuza bitsina ngo ubure kugira irari ryo kujya muri ibyo bikorwa. Uretse n’abana ibi biri no mubiri gusenya ingo nyinshi muri iki gihe.  

3.      Hakorwa iki?

Uburere buruta ubuvuke, iyi mvugo Abanyarwanda turayizi. Ubyaye umwana ntumuhe uburere ntacyo waba umumariye. Abana bacu, urubyiruko bakenye uburere. Jye muri za 1990, ntangira kwiga amashuri abanza umuntu wese ukuruta iyo yakubonaga mu ikosa yaraguhanaga, kandi ukabyemera yewe n’ababyeyi bawe ya bibabwira nabo bakaguhana. Byatumaga aho turi hose nibyo dukora byose twirida kuko twabaga tuziko duhanzwe amaso na bose. Ariko ubu umuntu wese ni ukwimenya. Abahanaga abana ubu bari mu basambanya abana, ugeregeje guhana umwana ababyeyibe baza bari mubicu ngo umwana arahohotewe, ariko jye uko biri kose mbona ko Abakristo dufite icyo twakora. Ntabwo guhana ari icyaha , kandi ntabwo ari bibi, ahubwo keretse iyo uhana umwana utagamije ku mukosora. Ikindi ibihano si inkoni, nkuko nabivuze umwana umwatse terefone icyumweru kimwe, kuriwe aba ari igihano gikomeye kuruta ku mukubita. Dore bimwe mubya dufasha kurinda abana bacu:

-          Gira igihe cyo kubaganiriza ijambo ry’Imana no gusengana nabo. Iki nicyo cy’ibanze kuruta ibindi

-          Mufate igihe cyo kugira abana inama kubijyanya n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere.

-          Igisha abana bawe kunyurwa

-          Ufite uburenganzira bwo kugurira umwana terefone, ariko ukwiye no kwibuka ko ufite inshingano zo gukurikirana uko ayi koresha. Ntabwo uza mukurikirana aho ari hose  ariko umwana utarengeje imyaka 18 wemerewe no kubaza amakuru yibikorerwa kuri terefoneye. Mu bihugu byateye imbere ababyehi bafashwa gukurikirana terefone zabana babo. Ariko naho usanga abafite umwanya wo gukurikirana abana babo ari mbarwa.

-          Fata umwana wese nku wawe. Kuki wasambyanya umwa w’undi? Ahubwo ibuka ko ukwiye kumukebura iyo ari mu makosa. Yewe niyo we cyangwa ababyeyi be batabyishimira kora igikwiye. Wivuga ngo si umwana wajye, kuko ejo uwo niwe ushobora kuba umukazana cyangwa umukwe wawe.  

-          Menyesha inzego za Leta ibikorwa by’ihohoterwa, cyangwa abo uzi bakwirakwiza aya mashusho. Dore ko no mu Rwanda basigaye barimo abakwirakwiza ayamashusho yurukozasoni.

-          Irinde aya mashusho, n’izindirimbo zuzuyemo ubutumwa bwonona ibitekerezo aho kubaka ibitekerezo. Rinda abana bawe izi firime n’izi ndirimbo zabantu nkunze kwita abagurishije roho zabo kuri sekibi. Icyo bakora cyose ngo bamamare, babone amafaranga bagikora. Niyo mpamvu badatekereza ku ingaruka ibikorwa byabo bigira kubandi.  

Imana idushoboze kubaho dufite ubwnge muri iki gihe.  

Umwanditsi:

Pasitori Kubwimana Joel

Umunyeshuri muri Masters of Theology (African Christianity) at:

Akrofi-Christaller Institute of Theology, Mission and Culture/Akropong-Akuapem/Ghana

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[1] Eni Gruber na Joel Grube, ‘Adolescent sexuality and the media’, in Western Journal of Medecine, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, accessed on 18/03/2018.